Underground watersis ingo, that are underground, usually in aquifers. Aquifers are layers of rocks, which are able to pass water. Groundwater can be formed as a result of infiltration of atmospheric precipitation, melting snow or ice, as well as due to the condensation of water vapor.
The value of underground water:
Groundwater is an important source of water supply for the population, industry and agriculture. They also play an important role in maintaining ecosystems, feeding the rivers, lakes and swamps.
Groundwater pollution:
Groundwater can be contaminated with various substances, such as:
- Nitrates and other nitrogen compounds: They come from agricultural land and sewage.
- Pesticides: They are used in agriculture to control pests.
- Heavy metals: They come from industrial enterprises and landfills.
- Oil products: May enter groundwater as a result of accidents at pipelines or gas stations.
- Microorganisms: Можуть потрапляти в підземні води з каналізаційних стоків або інших джерел забруднення.
Охорона підземних вод:
Для охорони підземних вод необхідно:
- Контролювати джерела забруднення: Limit the use of harmful substances in agriculture and industry.
- Clean sewage: Before dumping into water bodies or irrigated fields.
- Properly arrange wells: To prevent groundwater pollution.
- Monitor the state of groundwater: To detect pollution in time and take measures to eliminate it.
Використання підземних вод:
Підземні води використовуються для різних потреб, in particular:
- Питне водопостачання: Підземні води є основним джерелом питної води для багатьох населених пунктів.
- Зрошення: Groundwater is used to irrigate crops.
- Industry: Groundwater is used in various industries, such as food, chemical and metallurgical.
Groundwater research:
- To obtain information about groundwater in our laboratory, you can order a study of the chemical composition and physical properties of groundwater.